Kuldaväärt puud ja kuld

-
Siin, Põhja-Ghana kuivas savannis on inimtegevus keskkonda nii tugevasti muutnud, et loodusel on kadunud võime tulla häiringutest tasakaalu juurde tagasi. Selle tulemuseks on kõrbestunud alade levik, pinnase erosioon ja uhtorgude teke, mullavee kadumine kuival perioodil. Mis seda põhjustab? Puude maharaiumine küttepuudeks või söe tootmiseks, tahtlikud savannipõlengud ja illegaalne kullakaevandamine. Mõni sõna selgituseks. Küttepuid ei ole siinkandis vaja toasooja pärast, vaid ikka toidu valmistamiseks tavaliselt lahtisel koldel. Savanni kulupõlenguid tehakse mitmel põhjusel, näiteks loodusaladel alepõllunduseks. Või jahipidamisel loomade etteajamiseks. Ka paremate karjatamise tingimuste loomiseks. Kulla otsimine on aga siin levinud tegevus noorte meeste seas. Miljoneid aastaid kestnud geoloogilise kulutuse tulemusel on kollase metalli kontsentratsioon maapinnas kõrge. mistõttu kulla otsimine sarnaneb meie detektoristide tegevusele, kuna siingi kasutatakse metalliotsijaid ning seejärel kaevatakse mõnemeetrised augud. Vahel uuristatakse ka väiksemaid tunneleid.

Savannist korjatud oksad ja nn kolme-kivi-kolle.



Siit on otsitud kulda.

Ghana riik on käivitanud mitmeid programme keskkonna taastamiseks. Tavaliselt rahastavad neid rahvusvahelised organisatsioonid, suurriigid või Maailmapank. Näiteks just algab ja kestab aastani 2027 programm nimega Ghana Landscape Restoration and Small-Scale Mining ehk maastike taastamine ja väikekaevandamine. Puude istutamiseks on käivitatud ambitsioonikas üleriigiline programm Green Ghana, mille käigus jagatakse inimestele tasuta puittaimede istikuid.

Kurnav õppereis


Ühe niisuguse projekti nimega Sustainable Land and Water Management Project (kestlik maa ja vee majandamine) tulemusi käisime eelmisel nädalal vaatamas naabermaakonnas Talensi, kuna meie Nabdami maakonda see projekt ei ulatunud. Tellisime väikese bussi ja viisime 14 naist vaatama erinevate puuliikide kasutamist maastikul, istikute kasvatamist, puukooli toimimist. “Meie” naised on just need, kellega teeme koostööd siinse Kongo küla puukooli rajamisel. 




India- ehk kašupähkli "õun"

Loetlen ka mõned soovitatud puuliigid. Tõsi, paljud neist on sissetoodud ning võivad ohustada siinset liigirikkust, nagu näiteks neemipuu. Oma majapidamiste juures sobib kasvatamiseks eukalüpt, india pähkel, mango, moringa, mahagon, Cassia. Nad annavad varju, aitavad hoida pinnaseniiskust ja tagavad vähese sissetuleku, kuna on kas puuvilja-, väärispuidu- või ravimtaimed.



Eeskujulik puukool Talensi maakonnas.


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Greetings from sunny Ghana!

-
Image
Coming to Ghana has been on my mind for a long time. Interesting culture and beautiful traditions, scenic nature, friendly people and tasty local cuisine were some of the things that would pop up on Google every time I was researching the country. When an Estonian NGO called Mondo provided me with an opportunity to come to Ghana as a climate change advisor volunteer for Kongo Community Development Association (KOCDA) under the European Solidarity Corps program, I was so incredibly excited and began reading about the country even more. I wanted to be prepared for every possible situation so that I would know what to say and how to react and would not offend anyone or get overwhelmed after seeing something that may not be so common in my home country. Mondo had also arranged trainings about the country and it's culture and advised of the things that should and should not be done in the country, so I felt absolutely prepared for this exciting adventure. However even after preparing so...
Read more

Finding my way in a new country

-
Image
During my first meeting with the board of my host organization, CoDA, someone asked about my experiences so far and whether my expectations were being met. From previous experiences, I have learned that it is best to approach projects like this with minimal expectations. Despite this, I can only say that the first month has exceeded my imagination. Everyone has been incredibly welcoming, making me feel at home in a new country almost immediately. The first month was all about adaptation and observation for me. I had to adjust to a new culture, new foods, and lots of new people. We also delved into the local culture and history, emphasizing the importance of introductions. Consequently, we spent the first two weeks traveling around Kongo and its surrounding areas, meeting key figures in the community.  Engaging in conversations with everyone I meet is something my Dutch self is not used to. At first, I struggled with the language, not only Nabt but also English. However, like everyt...
Read more

Until we meet again, Kongo

-
Image
I cannot believe I am saying this, but my time in Kongo village and Ghana in general is almost over. When I first came here, I thought 3 months and a half was plenty of time, but I could not have been more wrong. These months have passed by so quickly that it feels like I came here a week ago. I guess this just proves how amazing my life has been here, because time flies by so quickly when you are engaged in activities that are interesting and fun for you. And as much as I miss my country and my loved ones, I would love to stay in the village longer. I want to start my final blog by saying a huge thanks to a Kongo based NGO CoDA, that has been hosting me all this time. Their dedication to make me feel great in this village was incredible. Since the day I arrived in the village they treated me like a family member and helped me in every step of the way. Taking me around for sightseeing, teaching me the local language, cooking me delicious vegetarian meals, greeting me with a smile eve...
Read more